Publications
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Efficacy and Safety of Co-Administered Once-weekly Cagrilintide 2.4 mg with Once-Weekly Semaglutide 2.4 mg in Type 2 Diabetes: a Multicentre, Randomised, Double-Blind, Active-Controlled, Phase 2 Trial
Lancet. 2023. DOI: 10.1016/ S0140-6736(23)01163-7
Combining the GLP-1 RA semaglutide with the long-acting amylin analogue cagrilintide has been shown to have weight-loss benefits. However, the impact of the combination of cagrilintide and semaglutide (CagriSema) on HbA1c is unknown. In a 32-week, double-blind, phase 2 trial, 92 adults with T2D and a BMI ≥27 kg/m2 on metformin, with or without an SGLT2i, were randomised to once-weekly subcutaneous CagriSema, semaglutide or cagrilintide (all escalated to 2.4 mg).
Efficacy and Safety of Tirzepatide for Treatment of Overweight or Obesity. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Int J Obes (Lond). 2023. DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01321-5
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of tirzepatide for weight loss in patients with overweight or obesity.
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Patient Characteristics, Outcomes, and Effects of Dapagliflozin According to the Duration of Heart Failure: A Prespecified Analysis of the DELIVER Trial
Circulation 2023; online ahead of print DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.062918
Whether the efficacy and safety of SGLT2i therapy are maintained with increasing duration of HFmrEF or HFpEF is unknown. In this prespecified analysis of DELIVER, HF duration was categorised as ≤6 months, >6 to 12 months, >1 to 2 years, >2 to 5 years, or >5 years.
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Effects of Semaglutide on Albuminuria and Kidney Function in People With Overweight or Obesity With or Without Type 2 Diabetes: Exploratory Analysis From the STEP 1, 2, and 3 Trials
Diabetes Care. 2023; online ahead of print DOI: 10.2337/dc22-1889
In the STEP trials, semaglutide markedly reduced body weight and improved glycaemic control in adults with overweight or obesity with/without T2D. However, the effects of semaglutide on albuminuria and eGFR are unknown.
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Risk of Adverse Cerebrovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2023; online ahead of print DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2022.07.021 10.1210/clinem/dgad076
Although the beneficial effects of GLP-1RAs on major cardiovascular events have been established in patients with T2D, their effects on cerebrovascular outcomes remain undetermined.
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Efficacy and Safety of the SGLT2 Inhibitor Empagliflozin versus Placebo and the DPP-4 Inhibitor Linagliptin versus Placebo in Young People with Type 2 Diabetes (DINAMO): a Multicentre, Randomised, Double-blind, Parallel Group, Phase 3 Trial
Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2023; online ahead of print DOI: 10.1016/S2213-8587(22)00387-4
The incidence of T2D in young people is increasing, but treatments remain limited. The double-blind DINAMO trial was conducted in 158 young people (aged 10−17 years) with T2D (HbA1c 6.5-10.5%) who had been previously treated with metformin or insulin. Participants were initially randomised to empagliflozin 10 mg, linagliptin 5 mg or placebo. Participants in the empagliflozin group who did not reach HbA1c <7.0% by week 12 were re-randomised at week 14 to either remain on empagliflozin 10 mg or have their dose increased to 25 mg. Participants in the placebo group were randomised at week 26 to linagliptin 5 mg or one of the empagliflozin doses (10 mg or 25 mg).
Including Measures of Chronic Kidney Disease to Improve Cardiovascular Risk Prediction by SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP
Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2023;30:8–16 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac176
The 2021 ESC guideline on CVD prevention categorises moderate and severe CKD as high and very-high CVD risk status regardless of other factors like age and does not include eGFR and albuminuria in its SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP algorithms to predict CVD risk. Here, three CKD ‘Add-ons' to SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP were developed and validated: eGFR only, eGFR + urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (the primary Add-on), and eGFR + dipstick proteinuria.
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Empagliflozin Cardiovascular and Renal Effectiveness and Safety Compared to Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors across 11 Countries in Europe and Asia: Results from the EMPagliflozin compaRative effectIveness and SafEty (EMPRISE) Study
Diabetes Metab. 2023; online ahead of print
Previously, the real-world EMPRISE US study found that empagliflozin initiation was associated with a lower risk of hospitalisation for HF, all-cause mortality and CV events when compared with DPP-4i.
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Efficacy of Dapagliflozin by Baseline Diabetes Medications: A Prespecified Analysis From the DAPA-CKD Study
Diabetes Care. 2023; online ahead of print DOI: 10.2337/dc22-1514
Achieving optimal glucose control can be challenging in patients with T2D and CKD because impaired kidney function hampers the use of several oral or injectable glucose-lowering therapies (GLTs) and increases the likelihood of hypoglycaemia. This prespecified analysis from the DAPA-CKD trial evaluated whether the benefits of dapagliflozin in patients with T2D and CKD varied by background GLT number or class.
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Effect of Finerenone on Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Chronic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes
J Hypertens. 2023;41:295–302 DOI: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000003330
It has been postulated that the effects of finerenone on cardiorenal outcomes may be mediated primarily via non-haemodynamic pathways, but office BP measurements are insufficient to fully assess haemodynamic effects. A substudy of the ARTS-DN phase IIb trial was conducted to obtain further insights into the mechanism of action of finerenone by analysing 24-h ambulatory BP in patients with CKD and T2D.