Publications
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Efficacy and Safety of Oral Orforglipron in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Multicentre, Randomised, Dose-Response, Phase 2 Study
Lancet. 2023. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01302-8
Orforglipron, an oral, non-peptide GLP-1RA, was assessed at various once-daily doses (3 mg, 12 mg, 24 mg, 36 mg, 45 mg) and dose-escalation schedules vs placebo and dulaglutide in 383 patients with T2D, with or without metformin, and BMI ≥23 kg/m2, with no food or water restrictions.
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Efficacy and Safety of Co-Administered Once-weekly Cagrilintide 2.4 mg with Once-Weekly Semaglutide 2.4 mg in Type 2 Diabetes: a Multicentre, Randomised, Double-Blind, Active-Controlled, Phase 2 Trial
Lancet. 2023. DOI: 10.1016/ S0140-6736(23)01163-7
Combining the GLP-1 RA semaglutide with the long-acting amylin analogue cagrilintide has been shown to have weight-loss benefits. However, the impact of the combination of cagrilintide and semaglutide (CagriSema) on HbA1c is unknown. In a 32-week, double-blind, phase 2 trial, 92 adults with T2D and a BMI ≥27 kg/m2 on metformin, with or without an SGLT2i, were randomised to once-weekly subcutaneous CagriSema, semaglutide or cagrilintide (all escalated to 2.4 mg).
Effect of Semaglutide versus Other Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Head-to-Head, Phase 3, Randomized Controlled Trials
J Diabetes Complications. 2023;37:108529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2023.108529
GLP-1RAs vary in their abilities to control glycaemia, reduce body weight and improve other cardiometabolic risk factors. A recent systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the efficacy and safety of semaglutide compared with other GLP-1RAs in head-to-head phase 3 RCTs in adults with T2D.
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The Improved Health Utility of Once-Weekly Subcutaneous Semaglutide 2.4 mg Compared With Placebo in the STEP 1-4 Obesity Trials
Diabetes Obes Metab 2023 DOI 10.1111/dom.15090
Patient-reported outcomes and evaluations serve to shape policy through cost-effectiveness comparisons, assessing the incremental expenses of an intervention against the incremental enhancement in quality-adjusted life years.
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Effect of Canagliflozin on Heart Failure Hospitalization in Diabetes According to Baseline Heart Failure Risk
JACC Heart Fail. 2023. DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2023.03.025
In the CANVAS programme, canagliflozin reduced the risk of HF hospitalisation among individuals with T2D. This post hoc analysis evaluated heterogeneity in the treatment effects of canagliflozin on HF hospitalisation according to baseline HF risk as assessed by two diabetes-specific HF risk scores: WATCH-DM (for participants without prevalent HF) and TRS-HFDM (all participants).
Effects of Dapagliflozin on Hospitalisations in People with Type 2 Diabetes: Post-hoc Analyses of the DECLARE-TIMI 58 Trial
Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2023;11:233–241 DOI: 10.1016/S2213-8587(23)00009-8
In patients with T2D at high risk of CV or kidney disease, SGLT2is consistently reduce the risk of HF hospitalisations. Less is known about their effects on hospitalisation from any cause, especially in patients with T2D without ASCVD, which includes most of the global population with T2D. Post hoc analyses of DECLARE-TIMI 58 assessed the effect of dapagliflozin on the risks of hospitalisations for any cause and for specific causes in patients with T2D with and without ASCVD.
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Outcomes with Finerenone in Participants with Stage 4 CKD and Type 2 Diabetes: A FIDELITY Subgroup Analysis
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2023; online ahead of print DOI: 10.2215/CJN.0000000000000149
Patients with stage 4 CKD and T2D have limited treatment options to reduce their persistent CV and kidney risk. This post hoc analysis of the FIDELITY database evaluated the effect of finerenone vs placebo in 890 patients with stage 4 CKD and T2D.
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Benefits and Harms of Drug Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
BMJ 2023;381:e074068 DOI 10.1136/bmj-2022-074068
Keeping abreast of the rising volume of randomized trials in adults with type 2 diabetes presents a formidable task. Recent randomized trials have shown cardiovascular and kidney advantages with finerenone, an innovative non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, and weight loss with tirzepatide, a dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide/glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist.
Effects of Semaglutide on Albuminuria and Kidney Function in People With Overweight or Obesity With or Without Type 2 Diabetes: Exploratory Analysis From the STEP 1, 2, and 3 Trials
Diabetes Care. 2023; online ahead of print DOI: 10.2337/dc22-1889
In the STEP trials, semaglutide markedly reduced body weight and improved glycaemic control in adults with overweight or obesity with/without T2D. However, the effects of semaglutide on albuminuria and eGFR are unknown.
Efficacy and Safety of the SGLT2 Inhibitor Empagliflozin versus Placebo and the DPP-4 Inhibitor Linagliptin versus Placebo in Young People with Type 2 Diabetes (DINAMO): a Multicentre, Randomised, Double-blind, Parallel Group, Phase 3 Trial
Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2023; online ahead of print DOI: 10.1016/S2213-8587(22)00387-4
The incidence of T2D in young people is increasing, but treatments remain limited. The double-blind DINAMO trial was conducted in 158 young people (aged 10−17 years) with T2D (HbA1c 6.5-10.5%) who had been previously treated with metformin or insulin. Participants were initially randomised to empagliflozin 10 mg, linagliptin 5 mg or placebo. Participants in the empagliflozin group who did not reach HbA1c <7.0% by week 12 were re-randomised at week 14 to either remain on empagliflozin 10 mg or have their dose increased to 25 mg. Participants in the placebo group were randomised at week 26 to linagliptin 5 mg or one of the empagliflozin doses (10 mg or 25 mg).